Code Review: Intro to pointers, new, and shallow copies

Structs and primitive types in Go can be either pointers or values. In many other languages, primitive types are always values and classes are always pointers.

Use new to make a pointer out of a constant or literal value, or to make a non-nil pointer to an instance of a type.

When a variable is passed to new, it makes a pointer to a shallow copy of the variable. Pointer fields in the copy still alias the original’s data. Use & when you mean to reference the original, not duplicate it.